Istehaat-E-Muhaddiseen

Bismillahirrahamanirrahim

🌺 Alhumdulillahi Rabbil Aalameen. Was'Salatu Was'Salamu Aala Rasoolihil Aameen Wal'Aaqibatu Lil'Muttaqeen... Amma Ba'ad...

*Istehaat-E-Muhaddiseen..*
✒ _*{Roman Urdu Script By: Syed Ibraheem Salafi}*_

》》》Istehaat-E-Muhaddiseen Ye Mujko Hadees Ki Kitaab Ibne Maja Jo Urdu Tarjume Ke Sath Hai Darussalaam Ki, Uske Page No.50 Par Mila, Jis Ko Maine Roman Urdu Mein Likkha. Alhumdulillah.

🌿 *HADEES KI TAREEF:*

Rasoolullah Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ke mutaliq rawiyo ke zariye se jo kuch hum tak pouhcha, Wo hadees kehlata hai_ hadees ko baaz dafa sunnat, khabar wa aasar bhi kahan jaata hai.

🌿 *BUNIYADI AQSAAM:*

• QAOULI HADEES (قولی حدیث) Wo hadees jis mein Aap Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ka farmaan mazkoor ho.

• *FAILE HADEES* (فعلی حدیث) Wo hadees jis mein Aap Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ka fail mazkoor ho.

• *TAQREERI HADEES* (تقریری حدیث) Wo hadees jis mein Aap Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ka kisi baat par khamosh rehna mazkoor ho.

• *SHAMAIL NABAWI* (شمائل نبوی) Wo hadees jin mein Aap Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ke aadaat wa aqlaaq ya badani awsaaf mazkoor ho.

📝 Note: kisi hadees ki asal ibarat MATN (متن) kehlati hai_ matn se pehle rawiyo ke silsile ko SANAD (سند) kehte hai_ sanad ka koi rawi hazaf na ho tou wo MUTTASIL (متصل) hoti hai warna MUNQA'TIA (منقطع)

🌿 *NISBAT KE AITEBAAR SE HADEES KI AQSAAM:*

• *HADEES-E-QUDSI* (حدیث قدسی) Allah Ta'ala ka wo farmaan jise Nabi-e-Ekram Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ne Allah Ta'ala se riwayath kiya ho, rawiyo ke zariye se hum tak pouhcha ho aur Qur'an-e-Majeed mein maujood na ho...

• *MARFOO* (مرفوع) Wo hadees jis mein kisi qaoul, fail ya taqreer ko Rasoolullah Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam ki taraf mansoob kiya gaya ho...

• *MAUQOOF* (موقوف) Wo hadees jis mein kisi qaoul, fail ya taqreer ko Sahabi ki taraf mansoob kiya gaya ho...

• *MAQTOO* (مقطوع) : Wo hadees jis mein kisi qaoul, fail ya taqreer ko Tabayee ya Taba'tabayee ki taraf mansoob kiya gaya ho...

🌿 *RAWIYO KI TADAAD KE AITEBAAR SE HADEES KI AQSAAM:*

• *MUTAWATIR* (متواتر) Wo hadees jis mein tawatur ki chaar sharte payee jaye:

👉 1. Is se rawiyo ki badi tadaad riwayath kare,

👉 2. Insani aqal wa aadat inke jhoota hone ko mahaal samjhe,

👉 3. Ye kasrat ahed-e-nabuwat se lekar sahib-e-kitaab muhaddis ke zamane tak sanad ke har tabqe mein payee jaye,

👉 4. Hadees ka taluq insani mushahide ya sam'aat se ho.

📝 Note: rawiyo ki jamaat jisne ek ustaad ya ziyada aastizah se hadees ka samaa kiya ho TABQA (طبقہ) kehlata hai.

• *KHABAR-E-WAHID* (خبر واحد) Wo hadees jis mein mutawatir hadees ki sharte jama na ho, is ki chaar qisme hai:

• *MASHOOR* (مشہور) Wo hadees jis ke rawiyo ki tadaad har tabqe mein do se ziyada ho magar iksa na ho, masalan kisi tabqe mein teen, kisi mein chaar aur kisi mein panch rawi is se bayaan karte ho.

• *MUSTAFEEZ* (مستفیض) Wo hadees jis ke rawi har tabqe mein do se ziyada aur iksa tadaad mein ho ya sanad ke awwal wa aaqir mein in ki tadaad iksa ho.

• *AAZEEZ* (عزیز) Wo hadees jis ke rawi kisi tabqe mein sirf do ho.

• *GAREEB* (غریب) Wo hadees jis ka bayaan karne wala kisi zamane mein sirf ek rawi ho  aagar wo Sahabi ya Tabayee hai tou is se *"GAREEB-E-MUTLAQ"* (غریب مطلق) kahegen aur aagar koi aur rawi hai tou is se *"GAREEB-E-NISABI"* (غریب نسبی) kahegen.

📝 Note: mazkoorah bila aqsaam mein se mutawatir hadees ilmal yaqeen ki had tak sachchi hoti, baqi aqsaam maqbool ya mardood ho sakti hai.

🌿 *QUBOOL WA RAD KE AITEBAAR SE HADEES KI AQSAAM:*

• *MAQBOOL* (مقبول) Wo hadees jo wajibul aamal ho.

• *MARDOOD* (مردود) Wo hadees jo maqbool na ho.

🌿 *MAQBOOL HADEES KI AQSAAM WA DARJAAT (SHARAITE QUBOOLIYAT KE AITEBAAR SE) :*

• 1. SAHIH LI'ZATIHI (صحیح لذاته)

• 2. SAHIH LI'GAIRIHI (صحیح لغیرہ)

• 3. HASAN LI'ZATIHI (حسن لذاته)

• 4. HASAN LI'GAIRIHI (حسن لغیرہ)

🔹 *SAHIH LI'ZATIHI*: Wo hadees jis mein sehat ki panch sharte payee jaye:

👉 1. Us ki sanad muttasil ho, yane har rawi ne us se apne ustaad se aaqas kiya ho,

👉 2. Us ka har rawi aadal ho, yane kabeera gunhaou se bachta ho, sageera gunhaou par israar na karta ho, shaista tabiyat ka malik aur ba'aqlaaq ho,

👉 3. Wo *KAMILUZ'ZABT* (کامل الضبط) ho, yane hadees ko tehreer ya hafize ke zariye se kama'haqqahu mehfooz kare aur aagen pouhchaye.

👉 4. Wo hadees *SHAAZ* (شاذ) na ho,

👉 5. Wo hadees *MALOOL* (معلول) na ho.

❗ (shaaz wa malool ki wazahat aagen aarahi hai)

🔹 *HASAN LI'ZATIHI*: Wo hadees jis ke baaz rawi Sahih Hadees ke rawiyo ki nisbat *QAFIFUZ'ZABT*(خفیف الضبط) (halke zabt wale) ho, baqi sharte wahi ho.

📝 Note: Hasan Li'Zatihi ka darja Sahih Li'Gairihi ke baad hai magar tarifaat ko aasaan tar karne ke liye tarteeb badli gayee hai.

🔹 *SAHIH LI'GAIRIHI*: jab hasan hadees ki ek se za'id sanade ho tou wo hasan ke darje se tarkki kar ke sahih ke darje tak pouhch jaati hai_ is se Sahih Li'Gairihi kehte hai kuy ke wo apne gair (dusri sanadou) ki wajhe se darja-e-sehat ko pouhch gayee.

🔹 *HASAN LI'GAIRIHI*: Wo hadees jis mutaid sanade ho, har sanad mein mamoli zuaaf ho magar mutaid sanadou se is zuaaf ki talafi ho jaye tou Hasan Li'Gairihi ke darje ko pouhch jaati hai.

🌿 *SAHIH HADEES KI AQSAAM DARJAAT (KUTUB-E-HADEES MEIN PAYEE JANE KE AITEBAAR SE) :*

• *MUTTAFAQ AALEH* (متفق علیه) Wo hadees jo sahih bukhari aur sahih muslim dono mein payee jaye muttafaq aaleh kehlati hai aur sehat ke sab se aala darje par hoti hai.

• *AFRAADI BUKHARI* (افراد بخاری) har Wo hadees jo sahih bukhari mein payee jaye aur sahih muslim mein na payee jaye.

• *AFRAADI MUSLIM* (افراد مسلم) har Wo hadees jo sahih muslim mein payee jaye aur sahih bukhari mein na payee jaye.

• *SAHIHUN AALA SHARTIHIMAA* (صحیح علی شرطهما) Wo hadees jo sahih bukhari wa sahih muslim dono mein na payee jaye lekin dono aaimma ki sharait ke mutabiq sahih ho.

• *SAHIHUN AALA SHARTIL BUKHARI* (صحیح علی شرط البخاری) Wo hadees jo imam bukhari ki sharait ke mutabiq sahih ho magar sahih bukhari mein maujood na ho.

• *SAHIHUN AALA SHARTI MUSLIM* (صحیح علی شرط مسلم) Wo hadees jo imam muslim ki sharait ke mutabiq sahih ho magar sahih muslim mein maujood na ho.

• *SAHIHUN AALA SHARTI GAIRIHIMAA* (صحیح علی شرط غیرهما) Wo hadees jo imam bukhari wa imam muslim ke ilawa digar muhaddiseen ki sharait ke mutabiq sahih ho.

🌿 *MARDOOD HADEES KI AQSAAM INQATAA SANAD KI WAJHE SE:*

• *MUALLAQ* (معلق) Wo hadees jis ki sanad ka ibtedai hissa ya saree sanad hi (amadan) hazaf kardi gayee ho.

• *MURSAL* (مرسل) Wo hadees jise tabayee bilawasta Rasoolullah Sallallahu Aalaihi Waaallam se bayaan kare.

• *MAUZAL* (معضل) Wo hadees jis ki sanad ke darmiyaan se do ya do se ziyada rawi ekhatta hazaf ho.

• *MUQATIAA* (منقطع) Wo hadees jis ke sanad ke darmiyaan se ek ya ek se za'id rawi muqtalif maqamaat se hazaf ho.

• *MUDALLAS* (مدلس) Wo hadees jis ka rawi kisi wajhe se apne ustaad ya ustaad ke ustaad ka naam (ya taruf) chapayee lekin sunne walou ko ye tasir dey ke maine aisa nahi kiya, sanad muttasil hi hai, halanke is sanad mein rawiyo ki mulaqaat aur samaa tou sabit hota hai magar mutaliqa rawiyo ka samaa nahi hota.

• *MURSAL KHAFEE* (مرسل خفی) Wo hadees jis ka rawi apne aise hum asar se riwayath kare jis se is ki mulaqaat sabit na ho.

• *MALOOL ya MUALLAL* (معلول یا معلل) Wo hadees jo bazahir maqbool maloom hoti ho lekin is mein aisi poshida illat ya aib payaa jaye jo is se gair maqbool bana dey, is oyoob wa ilal ka pata chalana mahirin-e-fan hi ka kaam hai.

🌿 *MARDOOD HADEES KI AQSAAM RAWIYO KE AADAL (عادل) NA HONE KI WAJHE SE:*

• *RIWAYATUL MUBTADI'A* (روایه المبتدع) Wo hadees jis ka rawi Bidat-e-Mukaffara qail wa fa'il ho lekin aagar rawi ki bidat mukaffara na ho aur wo aadal wa zabit bhi ho tou phir is ki riwayath mautabar hogee yaad rahe Bidat-e-Mukaffara (kafir banane wali bidat) se irtaad lazim aata hai.

• *RIWAYATUL FASIQ* (روایه الفاسق) Wo hadees jis ka rawi kabeera gunhaou ka murtakib ho lekin had-e-kufr ko na pouhche.

• *MATROOK* (متروک) Wo hadees jis ka rawi aam bol chaal mein jhoot bolta ho aur muhaddiseen ne is ki riwayath ko qubool karne se inkaar katdiya ho.

• *MAUZOO* (موضوع) Wo hadees jis ke rawi ne kisi mauqe par hadees ke mamle mein jhoot bola ho, aise rawi ki har riwayath ko mauzoo (man ghadat) kehte hai.

🌿 *MARDOOD HADEES KI AQSAAM RAWI KE ZABIT (ضابط) NA HONE KI WAJHE SE:*

• *MUSAHAF* (مصحف) Wo hadees jis ke kisi lafz ki zahiri shakal durust ho magar nuqtaou, harkaat ya sukoon wagaira ke badalne se is ka talaffuz badal gaya ho.

• *MAQLOOB* (مقلوب) Wo hadees jis ke alfaaz mein rawi ki bhool se taqdeem wa taqeer waqai hogayee ho ya sanad mein ek rawi ki jagha dusra rawi rakaha gaya ho.

• *MUDRAJ* (مدرج) Wo hadees jis mein kisi jagha rawi ka apna kalaam amdan ya sihawan darj ho jaye aur is par alfaaz-e-hadees hone ka shak hota ho.

• *AL MAZEED FEE MUTTASILI ASANID* (المزید فی متصل الاسانید) jab do rawi ek hi sanad bayaan kare, un mein ek siqa aur dusra ziyada siqa ho. aagar siqa rawi is sanad mein ek rawi ka izafa bayaan kare tou is ki riwayath ko mazeed fee muttasili asanid kehte hai.

• *SHAAZ* (شاذ) Wo hadees jis ka rawi maqbool (siqa ya sudooq) ho aur aur bayaan-e-hadees mein apne se ziyada siqa ya apne jaise behat siqa rawiyo ki muqalifat kare (shaaz ke bil muqabil hadees ko mehfooz kehte hai)

• *MUNKAR* (منکر) Wo hadees jis ka rawi zaeef ho aur bayaan-e-hadees mein ek se ziyada siqa rawiyo muqalifat kare (munkar ke bil muqabil hadees ko maroof kehte hai)

• *RIWAYATU SAI'EE'AL HIFZ* (روایه سیئ الحفظ) Wo hadees jis ka rawi Sai'ee'al Hifz, yane paidaishi taur par kamzor hafeze wala ho.

• *RIWAYATU KASEERIL GAFLAH* (روایه کثیر الغفله) Wo hadees jis ka rawi shadeed gaflat ya kaseer galtiyo ka murtakib ho.

• *RIWAYATU FAHISHIL GHALAT* (روایه فاحش الغله) Wo hadees jis ke rawi se fahas qisam ki ghaltiya sarsad ho.

• *RIWAYATUL MUQTALIT* (روایه المختلط) Wo hadees jis ka rawi bodhape ya kisi hadse ki wajhe se yaddash kho baithaye ya is ki tehreer karda aahadees zaya hi jaye.

• *MUZTARIB* (مضطرب) Wo hadees jis ki sanad ya matn mein rawiyo ka aisa aqtilaaf waqai ho jo hal na ho sake.

🌿 *MARDOOD HADEES KI AQSAAM RAWIYO KE MAJHOOL (مجہول) HONE KI WAJHE SE:*

• *RIWAYATUL MAJHOLIL AAEEN* (روایه مجهول العین) Wo hadees jis ka rawi majholil aaeen ho, yane is ke mutaliq aaima-e-fan ka koi aisa tabsara na milta ho jis se ke is ke siqa ya zaeef hone ka pata chal sake aur is se riwayath karne wala bhi sirf ek hi shagird ho jis ke baisht is ki shakshiyat majhool teharti ho.

• *RIWAYATU MAJHOLIL HAAL* (روایه مجهول الحال) Wo hadees jis ka rawi majholil haal ho, yane is ke mutaliq aaima-e-fan ka koi tabsara na milta ho is se riwayath karne wale kul do aadmi ho jis ke baisht is ki shakshiyat maloom aur halat majhool teharti ho, aise rawi ko *MASTOOR* (مستور) bhi kehte hai.

• *MUBHAM* (مبهم) Wo hadees jis ki sanad mein kisi rawi ke naam ki sarahat na ho.

...Allahu'Aalam...

Aye Allah! Hum sab ko Deen ka Sahih Faham aata kar aur hummare gunhaou ko maaf farma.
AAMEEN YA ALLAH

🍃🍃